Unit 1

Unit Contents

Overview
Terms You Should Know


Lesson 1 - Types of Computers
Lesson 2 - Internal Computer Components: CPUs, I/O, Memory, and Accessory Cards
Lesson 3 - System Software
Lesson 4 - Application Software
Lesson 5 - Management and Utility Software
Lesson 6 - From Applications to the Network


Summary


   Overview

We begin this course and unit by taking a look at the endpoints of a network, the computer, and the different types of computers commonly found in networks. Networks are used in a wide variety of ways to tie computers together so they can communicate with one another and provide services to the user of a network.

Computers come in all shapes and sizes, and are manufactured to serve different purposes. Some computers are made for operation in a single-user environment. Other computers are made to support a small number of users in a workgroup environment, while still others may support thousands of users in a large corporation.

Computers attach to a network through a network interface card (NIC). Typically cables are attached to a NIC to connect to other computers or networks.

Several aspects of computer technology to be considered are:

Video

Microprocessor

Memory

Storage

Input/Output

Application software

System software

Device driver

Whether the computer that attaches to the network is a small desktop computer or a powerful mainframe, all computers contain the same basic structure and the components mentioned above.


   Terms You Should Know

Analog

Bandwidth

Binary

Bit

BUS

Byte

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Client/Server

Clustering

Device Driver

Digital Data

Dual Inline Memory Module (DIMM)

Electronic Mail (E-mail)

Extended Data Output

Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA)

Hardware

Industry Standard Architecture (ISA)

Input/Output (I/O)

Internet Protocol (IP)

Local Area Network (LAN)

Mainframe

Megahertz (Mhz)

Micro Channel Architecture (MCA)

Modulation

Network Interface Card (NIC)

Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)

Peripherals

Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA)

Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Redirector

RJ-45 Connector

Server

Single Inline Memory Module (SIMM)

Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM)

Synchronous Graphic Random Access Memory (SGRAM)

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

UNIX

Workstations

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